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1.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38663712

RESUMO

Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina (GACR) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterised by elevated plasma ornithine levels due to deficiency of the enzyme ornithine aminotransferase (OAT). The accumulation of this amino acid in plasma leads to the development of patches of chorioretinal atrophy in the peripheral retina extending into the macular area. Patients usually present with night blindness followed by constriction of the visual field and, finally, decreased central vision and blindness. The disease is diagnosed by the presence of the characteristic clinical picture, the presence of hyperornithinaemia in plasma and the detection of mutations in the OAT enzyme gene. There is currently no effective gene therapy and the most common therapeutic intervention mainly involves dietary modifications with arginine restriction. This article aims to summarise the pathogenesis, clinical and diagnostic findings and treatment options in patients with GACR.

2.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 162(7): 336-342, abril 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-232082

RESUMO

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a rare hereditary condition caused by decreased plasma and tissue levels of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) that can lead to serious lung and liver disease in children and adults. AATD patients face challenges such as under diagnosis, clinical variability, and limited treatment options for liver disease. Early detection and biomarkers for predicting outcomes are needed to improve patient outcome. Currently, the only approved pharmacological therapy is augmentation therapy, which can delay the progression of emphysema. However, alternative strategies such as gene therapy, induced pluripotent stem cells, and prevention of AAT polymerization inside hepatocytes are being investigated. This review aims to summarize and update current knowledge on AATD, identify areas of controversy, and formulate questions for further research. (AU)


El déficit de alfa-1 antitripsina (DAAT) es una enfermedad hereditaria poco frecuente causada por la disminución de los niveles plasmáticos y tisulares de alfa-1 antitripsina (AAT) que puede provocar enfermedades pulmonares y hepáticas graves en niños y adultos. Aquellos con DAAT se enfrentan a retos como el infradiagnóstico, la variabilidad clínica y a las limitadas opciones de tratamiento para la enfermedad hepática. La detección precoz y los biomarcadores para predecir los resultados clínicos son necesarios para mejorar la evolución de los pacientes. En la actualidad, el único tratamiento farmacológico aprobado es la terapia de reposición, que puede retrasar la progresión del enfisema. Sin embargo, se están investigando estrategias alternativas como la terapia génica, las células madre pluripotentes inducidas y la prevención de la polimerización de la AAT en el interior de los hepatocitos. Esta revisión pretende resumir y actualizar los conocimientos actuales sobre la AATD, identificar las áreas de controversia y formular preguntas para futuras investigaciones. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Biomarcadores , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/diagnóstico , Deficiência de alfa 1-Antitripsina/diagnóstico , Deficiência de alfa 1-Antitripsina/terapia , Pulmão
3.
Farm. hosp ; 48(1): 3-8, ene. - feb. 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-229466

RESUMO

Objetivo analizar la presencia de buenas prácticas de humanización en la atención a los pacientes con enfermedades raras en los servicios de farmacia hospitalaria para identificar las fortalezas y las áreas prevalentes de mejora para una atención más humanizada. Métodos se elaboró un cuestionario online empleando Google Form® estructurado en 2 partes: la primera recogía datos identificativos y la segunda incluía las preguntas relacionadas con el cumplimiento de los 61 estándares del Manual de buenas prácticas de humanización en la atención a pacientes con enfermedades raras en los servicios de farmacia hospitalaria. El acceso al cuestionario se envió por correo electrónico a los jefes de servicio de farmacia hospitalaria de 18 hospitales. El periodo de estudio fue de octubre 2021 a octubre 2022. Las variables analizadas fueron el número de criterios cumplidos, el cumplimiento total (porcentaje de criterios cumplidos) tanto por línea estratégica como por tipo o nivel de estándar (básico, básico de obligado cumplimiento, avanzado o excelente), de forma global y agrupados por comunidades autónomas. Resultados el estudio incluyó 18 servicios de farmacia hospitalaria. La media global de estándares cumplidos fue de 31,1 (IC 95%: 24,8–37,6) y el cumplimiento total medio del 52,1% (IC 95%: 44,4–59,7). La línea 1, Cultura de humanización, tuvo un cumplimiento medio del 46,5% (IC 95%: 35,3–57,7), la línea 2, Empoderamiento del paciente, del 47,4% (IC 95%: 37,1–57,8), la línea 3, Cuidado del profesional, del 49,7% (IC 95%: 39,8–59,1), la línea 4, Espacios físicos y confort del 55,6% (IC 95%: 46,3–64,8) y la línea 5, Organización de la atención, del 63,8% (IC 95%: 55,8–71,9). Conclusión el cumplimiento medio de los estándares está entre 40 y 60%, lo que indica que la humanización está presente en los servicios de farmacia hospitalaria, pero existe un amplio margen de mejora (AU)


Objective To analyze the presence of Good Humanization Practices in the care of patients with rare diseases in Hospital Pharmacy Services and to identify the strengths and prevalent areas for improvement in the humanization of healthcare. Methods Online questionnaire structured in two parts was developed using Google Form®. The first one was designed to collect identifying data and the second one included questions related to compliance with the 61 standards of the Manual of Good Humanization Practices in the healthcare of patients with rare diseases in Hospital Pharmacy Services. Access to the questionnaire was sent by email to the Heads of the Hospital Pharmacy Service of 18 hospitals. The study period was from October 2021 to October 2022. The analyzed variables were the number of criteria that were considered met, total compliance (percentage of criteria met), by strategic line and by type or level of standard, globally and grouped by regions of Spain. Results 18 Hospital Pharmacy Services were included. The overall mean of standards met was 31.1 (95% CI: 24.8–37.6) and mean total compliance was 52.1% (95% CI: 44.4–59.7). The mean compliance by strategic line was line 1 Humanization culture: 46.5% (95% CI: 35.3–57.7), line 2 Patient empowerment: 47.4% (95% CI: 37.1– 57.8), line 3 Professional care: 49.7% (95% CI: 39.8–59.1), line 4 Physical spaces and comfort: 55.6% (95% CI: 46.3–64.8) and line 5 Organization of healthcare: 63.8% (95% CI: 55.8–71.9). Conclusion The average compliance with the standards is between 40 and 60%, which indicates that humanization is present in the Hospital Pharmacy Services, but there is a wide margin for improvement. The main strength in the humanization of Hospital Pharmacy Services is a patient-centered care organization, and the area with the greatest room for improvement is the culture of humanization (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Assistência Centrada no Paciente , Doenças Raras , Humanização da Assistência , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar , Inquéritos e Questionários
4.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 2024 Feb 20.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38383269

RESUMO

Real-world registries have been critical to building the scientific knowledge of rare diseases, including Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH). In the past 4 decades, a considerable number of registries on this condition have allowed to improve the pathology and its subgroups definition, to advance in the understanding of its pathophysiology, to elaborate prognostic scales and to check the transferability of the results from clinical trials to clinical practice. However, in a moment where a huge amount of data from multiple sources is available, they are not always taken into account by the registries. For that reason, Machine Learning (ML) offer a unique opportunity to manage all these data and, finally, to obtain tools that may help to get an earlier diagnose, to help to deduce the prognosis and, in the end, to advance in Personalized Medicine. Thus, we present a narrative revision with the aims of, in one hand, summing up the aspects in which data extraction is important in rare diseases -focusing on the knowledge gained from PAH real-world registries- and, on the other hand, describing some of the achievements and the potential use of the ML techniques on PAH.

5.
Apuntes psicol ; 42(1): 49-54, ene. 2024. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-EMG-458

RESUMO

La calidad de vida en pacientes y cuidadores no puede ser concebida sin incluir a las necesidades sociales. El objetivo de esta investigación es realizar una revisión sistemática que muestre evidencias empíricas de cómo influyen las relaciones afectivas en la calidad de vida de pacientes con enfermedades raras y sus cuidadores. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus y PsycInfo. Se encontraron 4923 artículos que tras el proceso de cribado quedaron reducidos a 12 estudios. Se hallaron efectos de las relaciones afectivas tanto el núcleo familiar como en sus componentes de forma independiente (padres, hermanos y pacientes). Se evidencia que tanto el ámbito familiar como extrafamiliar son esenciales para abordar una mejora de la calidad de vida. Se recomienda en futuras investigaciones el estudio de las interacciones entre las relaciones establecidas para poder ofrecer una mejor intervención . (AU)


Quality of life in patients and caregivers cannot be conceived without including social needs. The aim of this research is to conduct a systematic review showing empirical evidence of how affective relationships influence the quality of life of patients with rare diseases and their caregivers. A search was conducted in the Web of Science, Scopus and PsycInfo databases. A total of 4923 articles were found, which after the screening process were reduced to 12 studies. The effects of affective relationships were found both in the family nucleus and in its components independently (parents, siblings and patients). It is evident that both the family and the extra-familial environment are essential to improve quality of life. It is recommended that future research should study the interactions between the established relationships to offer a better intervention. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Doenças Raras , Qualidade de Vida , Relações Interpessoais , Relações Familiares
6.
Apuntes psicol ; 42(1): 49-54, ene. 2024. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-229840

RESUMO

La calidad de vida en pacientes y cuidadores no puede ser concebida sin incluir a las necesidades sociales. El objetivo de esta investigación es realizar una revisión sistemática que muestre evidencias empíricas de cómo influyen las relaciones afectivas en la calidad de vida de pacientes con enfermedades raras y sus cuidadores. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus y PsycInfo. Se encontraron 4923 artículos que tras el proceso de cribado quedaron reducidos a 12 estudios. Se hallaron efectos de las relaciones afectivas tanto el núcleo familiar como en sus componentes de forma independiente (padres, hermanos y pacientes). Se evidencia que tanto el ámbito familiar como extrafamiliar son esenciales para abordar una mejora de la calidad de vida. Se recomienda en futuras investigaciones el estudio de las interacciones entre las relaciones establecidas para poder ofrecer una mejor intervención . (AU)


Quality of life in patients and caregivers cannot be conceived without including social needs. The aim of this research is to conduct a systematic review showing empirical evidence of how affective relationships influence the quality of life of patients with rare diseases and their caregivers. A search was conducted in the Web of Science, Scopus and PsycInfo databases. A total of 4923 articles were found, which after the screening process were reduced to 12 studies. The effects of affective relationships were found both in the family nucleus and in its components independently (parents, siblings and patients). It is evident that both the family and the extra-familial environment are essential to improve quality of life. It is recommended that future research should study the interactions between the established relationships to offer a better intervention. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Doenças Raras , Qualidade de Vida , Relações Interpessoais , Relações Familiares
7.
Farm Hosp ; 48(1): 3-8, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37495456

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the presence of Good Humanization Practices in the care of patients with rare diseases in Hospital Pharmacy Services and to identify the strengths and prevalent areas for improvement in the humanization of healthcare. METHODS: Online questionnaire structured in two parts was developed using Google Form®. The first one was designed to collect identifying data and the second one included questions related to compliance with the 61 standards of the Manual of Good Humanization Practices in the healthcare of patients with rare diseases in Hospital Pharmacy Services. Access to the questionnaire was sent by email to the Heads of the Hospital Pharmacy Service of 18 hospitals. The study period was from October 2021 to October 2022. The analyzed variables were the number of criteria that were considered met, total compliance (percentage of criteria met), by strategic line and by type or level of standard, globally and grouped by regions of Spain. RESULTS: 18 Hospital Pharmacy Services were included. The overall mean of standards met was 31.1 (95% CI: 24.8-37.6) and mean total compliance was 52.1% (95% CI: 44.4-59.7). The mean compliance by strategic line was line 1 Humanization culture: 46.5% (95% CI: 35.3-57.7), line 2 Patient empowerment: 47.4% (95% CI: 37.1- 57.8), line 3 Professional care: 49.7% (95% CI: 39.8-59.1), line 4 Physical spaces and comfort: 55.6% (95% CI: 46.3-64.8) and line 5 Organization of healthcare: 63.8% (95% CI: 55.8-71.9). CONCLUSION: The average compliance with the standards is between 40 and 60%, which indicates that humanization is present in the Hospital Pharmacy Services, but there is a wide margin for improvement. The main strength in the humanization of Hospital Pharmacy Services is a patient-centered care organization, and the area with the greatest room for improvement is the culture of humanization.


Assuntos
Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar , Doenças Raras , Humanos , Humanismo , Hospitais , Atenção à Saúde
8.
Farm Hosp ; 48(1): T3-T8, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38008659

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the presence of Good Humanisation Practices in the care of patients with rare diseases in Hospital Pharmacy Services and to identify the strengths and prevalent areas for improvement in the humanisation of healthcare. METHODS: An online questionnaire structured in 2 parts was developed using Google Form®. The first one was designed to collect identifying data and the second one included questions related to compliance with the 61 standards of the Manual of Good Humanisation Practices in the healthcare of patients with rare diseases in Hospital Pharmacy Services. Access to the questionnaire was sent by email to the Heads of the Hospital Pharmacy Service of 18 hospitals. The study period was from October 2021 to October 2022. The analysed variables were the number of criteria that were considered met, total compliance (percentage of criteria met), by strategic line and by type or level of standard, globally and grouped by regions of Spain. RESULTS: 18 Hospital Pharmacy Services were included. The overall mean of standards met was 31.1 (95% CI: 24.8-37.6) and mean total compliance was 52.1% (95% CI: 44.4%-59.7%). The mean compliance by strategic line was: Line 1, Humanisation culture: 46.5% (95% CI: 35.3%-57.7%), Line 2, Patient empowerment: 47.4% (95% CI: 37.1%-57.8%), Line 3, Professional care: 49.7% (95% CI: 39.8%-59.1%), Line 4, Physical spaces and comfort: 55.6% (95% CI: 46.3%-64.8%), and Line 5, Organisation of healthcare: 63.8% (95% CI: 55.8%-71.9%). CONCLUSION: The average compliance with the standards is between 40% and 60%, which indicates that humanisation is present in the Hospital Pharmacy Services, but there is a wide margin for improvement. The main strength in the humanisation of Hospital Pharmacy Services is a patient-centred care organisation, and the area with the greatest room for improvement is the culture of humanisation.


Assuntos
Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar , Doenças Raras , Humanos , Doenças Raras/terapia , Hospitais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Atenção à Saúde
9.
Bol. pediatr ; 64(267): 39-43, 2024.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-232575

RESUMO

Las enfermedades raras (ER) con epilepsia son un grupo heterogéneo de entidades en las que existe frecuentemente una causa genética. En una mayoría de casos, la epilepsia que aparece en estos pacientes puede encuadrarse dentro de las “Encefalopatías Epilépticas y del Desarrollo”, mostrando fenotipos clínicos en los que existe una interacción entre epilepsia a menudo refractaria con regresión y afectación del neurodesarrollo, en un contexto de síndromes epilépticos más o menos definidos. Las causas genéticas subyacentes hoy en día pueden identificarse con precisión en muchos casos, permitiendo un acercamiento terapéutico precoz e individualizado en un contexto de Medicina de Precisión. Existen múltiples ejemplos pero es particularmente significativo el de la epilepsia ligada a SCN1A, incluyendo el síndrome de Dravet. En muchos casos la mutación específica permite delinear la historia natural futura, por lo que puede ofrecerse una guía anticipatoria exhaustiva que cubre múltiples necesidades del paciente más allá del uso específico de fármacos.(AU)


Rare diseases with epilepsy are a heterogeneous group of entities in which there is frequently a genetic cause. In the majority of cases, the epilepsy that appears in these patients can be classified as “Developmental and Epileptical Encephalopathies”, showing clinical phenotypes in which there is an interaction between often refractory epilepsy with regression and impairment of neurodevelopment, in a context of epileptic syndromes more or less defined. The underlying genetic causes can today be precisely identified in many cases, allowing an early and individualized therapeutic approach in a Precision Medicine context. There are multiple examples, but epilepsy linked to SCN1A is particularly significant, including Dravet syndrome. In many cases, the specific mutation allows the future natural history to be delineated, so comprehensive anticipatory guidance can be offered that covers multiple patient needs beyond the specific use of drugs.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Doenças Raras , Convulsões , Epilepsia , Pediatria , Encefalopatias
10.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 99(6): 422-430, Dic. 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228664

RESUMO

Hasta un 15-20% de adolescentes tienen algún problema de salud crónico. La adolescencia representa un periodo de riesgo especial para la evolución de las enfermedades crónicas, tanto en aquellos con padecimientos con mayor prevalencia como en los afectados por enfermedades raras. La transición de la asistencia pediátrica a la adulta empieza con la preparación y capacitación del paciente pediátrico, acostumbrado a los cuidados tutelados, para que asuma la responsabilidad de su autocuidado en una unidad de adultos. La transferencia es el momento en el que la persona joven pasa a los servicios de adultos y es dada de alta de los servicios pediátricos. La transición sólo se completa cuando los jóvenes están integrados y funcionan con total competencia dentro del servicio de adultos. Los profesionales de adultos tienen un rol crucial al momento de recibir e integrar a los adultos jóvenes. Un programa de transición puede incluir transiciones de diferente complejidad, desde enfermedades frecuentes y conocidas como el asma, que requieren un proceso más sencillo, hasta enfermedades raras complejas con necesidad de participación de personal muy especializado. La transición requiere un trabajo en equipo con participación de numerosos profesionales: pediatras y médicos de adultos, enfermeras, psicólogos clínicos, trabajadores sociales sanitarios, equipo de Farmacia, y personal administrativo. Es importante implicar a los adolescentes en la toma de decisiones y que los padres los dejen ir progresivamente. Un programa de transición bien estructurado puede mejorar los resultados en salud, la experiencia del paciente y la utilización y coste de los cuidados sanitarios.(AU)


Up to 15%–20% of adolescents have a chronic health problem. Adolescence is a period of particular risk for the development or progression of chronic diseases for both individuals with more prevalent conditions and those affected by rare diseases. The transition from paediatric to adult care begins with preparing and training the paediatric patient, accustomed to supervised care, to assume responsibility for their self-care in an adult care setting. The transition takes place when the young person is transferred to adult care and discharged from paediatric care services. It is only complete when the youth is integrated and functioning competently within the adult care system. Adult care providers play a crucial role in welcoming and integrating young adults. A care transition programme can involve transitions of varying complexity, ranging from those required for common and known diseases such as asthma, whose management is more straightforward, to rare complex disorders requiring highly specialized personnel.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Cuidado Transicional , Adolescente , Doença Crônica/enfermagem , Comportamento do Adolescente , Saúde do Adolescente , Desenvolvimento do Adolescente
11.
Humanidad. med ; 23(3)dic. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1534560

RESUMO

Las enfermedades raras son aquellas que tienen baja prevalencia y que, por lo tanto, el desarrollo de medicamentos para tratarlas no es rentable para las empresas farmacéuticas debido a la baja demanda. A pesar de que ya se cuenta con diferentes políticas públicas alrededor del mundo para incentivar a las industrias farmacéuticas a investigar estos medicamentos, conocidos como medicamentos huérfanos, su desarrollo conlleva muchas dificultades en las evaluaciones clínicas y el precio final para el público es muy elevado. Si bien en años recientes se ha planteado el uso de tecnología de impresión en 3D para producir estos medicamentos o incluso recurrir a otros medicamentos previamente aprobados para tratar enfermedades raras, existe un historial de mal uso de las legislaciones por parte de las empresas con el fin de generar beneficios comerciales, por lo que estas políticas deben reforzarse para que cumplan su propósito; ayudar a una población muy vulnerable. El objetivo del presente texto es exponer los resultados de una revisión documental sobre el panorama científico y sociopolítico en el que se encuentra el problema de las enfermedades raras y los medicamentos huérfanos, así como las posibles soluciones que se están desplegando para abordarlo. Deriva de un estudio que se desarrolla en el momento actual en la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, de Ciudad de México.


The strange illnesses are those that have low prevalence and that, therefore, the development of medications to treat them is not profitable for the pharmaceutical companies due to the drop demands. Although it is already counted with different political public around the world to motivate to the pharmaceutical industries to investigate these medications, well-known as orphan medications, their development bears many difficulties in the clinical evaluations and the final price for the public it is very high. Although in recent years he/she has thought about the use of impression technology in 3D to produce these medications or even to appeal to other medications previously approved to treat strange illnesses, a record of wrong use of the legislations exists on the part of the companies with the purpose of generating commercial benefits, for what these politicians should be reinforced so that they complete its purpose; to help a very vulnerable population. The objective of the present text is to expose the results of a documental revision on the scientific and sociopolitical panorama in which is the problem of the strange illnesses and the orphan medications, as well as the possible solutions that they are spreading to approach it. It derives of a study that is developed in the current moment in the Metropolitan Autonomous University, of Mexico City.

12.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 2023 Nov 21.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37993348

RESUMO

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a rare hereditary condition caused by decreased plasma and tissue levels of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) that can lead to serious lung and liver disease in children and adults. AATD patients face challenges such as under diagnosis, clinical variability, and limited treatment options for liver disease. Early detection and biomarkers for predicting outcomes are needed to improve patient outcome. Currently, the only approved pharmacological therapy is augmentation therapy, which can delay the progression of emphysema. However, alternative strategies such as gene therapy, induced pluripotent stem cells, and prevention of AAT polymerization inside hepatocytes are being investigated. This review aims to summarize and update current knowledge on AATD, identify areas of controversy, and formulate questions for further research.

13.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed) ; 99(6): 422-430, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38016858

RESUMO

Up to 15-20% of adolescents have a chronic health problem. Adolescence is a period of particular risk for the development or progression of chronic diseases for both individuals with more prevalent conditions and those affected by rare diseases. The transition from paediatric to adult care begins with preparing and training the paediatric patient, accustomed to supervised care, to assume responsibility for their self-care in an adult care setting. The transition takes place when the young person is transferred to adult care and discharged from paediatric care services. It is only complete when the youth is integrated and functioning competently within the adult care system. Adult care providers play a crucial role in welcoming and integrating young adults. A care transition programme can involve transitions of varying complexity, ranging from those required for common and known diseases such as asthma, whose management is more straightforward, to rare complex disorders requiring highly specialized personnel. The transition requires teamwork with the participation of numerous professionals: paediatricians and adult care physicians, nurses, clinical psychologists, health social workers, the pharmacy team and administrative staff. It is essential to involve adolescents in decision-making and for parents to let them take over gradually. A well-structured transition programme can improve health outcomes, patient experience, the use of health care resources and health care costs.


Assuntos
Transição para Assistência do Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Humanos , Adolescente , Criança , Adulto , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Pais
14.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 97: e202311096, Nov. 2023. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228335

RESUMO

Fundamentos: La Telangiectasia Hemorrágica Hereditaria (THH) es una enfermedad de baja prevalencia, que se presenta con signos y síntomas muy heterogéneos y de la que apenas se dispone de estudios epidemiológicos de base poblacional. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron describir las características sociodemográficas de las personas afectadas por THH en la Comunitat Valenciana (CV), determinar su prevalencia y mortalidad, y analizar las fuentes de captación y pruebas de verificación utilizadas por el Sistema de Información de Enfermedades Raras de la CV (SIER-CV). Métodos: Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico observacional transversal de casos prevalentes de THH durante 2010-2019 en el SIER-CV. Se determinó la distribución de las características sociodemográficas y clínicas, la prevalencia y mortalidad, y se analizaron las fuentes de captación y pruebas de verificación utilizadas por SIER-CV. El análisis estadístico de los datos se realizó mediante el programa Stata (versión 16.1) y Microsoft Excel Office. Resultados: Durante 2010-2019 se identificaron doscientos casos, de los que el 55,5% eran mujeres. Las edades medias fueron: de captación 56,8 años, y de diagnóstico 50,9 años. El 48,4% fueron diagnosticados entre los treinta y seis, y los sesenta y cuatro años. Fallecieron el 25,5%, con 76,6 años de edad media, identificándose diferencias estadísticamente significativas en mayores de sesenta y cuatro años. La prevalencia fue 39,6 por cada millón de habitantes y la tasa cruda de mortalidad de 10,1 por cada millón de habitantes. El 95,5% se captaron por el Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos y la prueba de verificación más frecuente fue la base clínica (45,7%). Conclusiones: La tendencia ascendente de la prevalencia coincide con un mejor conocimiento de la THH, que facilita la detección de casos, y también con fallecimientos en edades avanzadas...(AU)


Background: The Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) is a low prevalence disease which presents heterogeneous signs and symptoms and just few population-based epidemiological studies are available. The aims of this paper were to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of people affected by HHT in the Valencian Region (VR), to determine its prevalence and mortality rate, and to analyse the sources of recruitment and verification tests used by the Rare Diseases Information System of the VR (SIER-CV).Methods: Cross-sectional observational epidemiological study of HHT prevalent cases between 2010-2019 in SIER-CV was performed. The distribution of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were determined, the prevalence and mortality rates, and the sources of recruitment and verification tests used by SIER-CV were analysed. Statistical analysis was performed usingStata (version 16.1) and Microsoft Excel Office. Results: During 2010-2019, two hundred cases were identified, 55.5% were female. The mean ages were: 56.8 years at recruitment and 50.9 years at diagnosis. 48.4% of cases were diagnosed between thirty-six/sixty-four years of age. 25.5% died, with a mean age of 76.6 years, identifying statistically significant differences above the age of 64. The prevalence was 39.6/1,000,000 inhabitants and the crude mortality rate was 10.1/1,000,000 inhabitants. 95.5% of cases were recruited from the Hospital discharges database and the most frequent verification test was the clinical basis (45.7%). Conclusions: The increasing trend in prevalence coincides with a better knowledge of HHT, which favours its detection, and also with dying at older ages. To describe the situation of HHT in the VR facilitates its health management and contributes to the establishment of the relevant health policies for the HHT...(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Telangiectasia Hemorrágica Hereditária , Prevalência , Doenças Raras/epidemiologia , Sistemas de Informação , Ataxia Telangiectasia , Espanha , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Epidemiológicos , Saúde Pública , Doenças Raras/mortalidade
15.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 83(supl.4): 52-56, oct. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521202

RESUMO

Resumen Las enfermedades raras y enfermedades sin diag nóstico se han posicionado en los últimos años como condiciones clínicas que han permitido avanzar el en tendimiento de las funciones de los genes y el im pacto en el desarrollo del individuo. En esta revisión, presentamos como los esfuerzos individuales hechos por muchos años para entender la fisiopatología de en fermedades comunes, enfermedades raras y otras aún más raras, como las enfermedades sin diagnóstico, que se unen hoy para, de manera cooperativa, avanzar en el conocimiento científico. Estos avances en el conoci miento permiten aplicar los avances obtenidos en un grupo de condiciones clínicas a otras con características fenotípicas similares o viceversa. El trabajo conjunto de equipos multidisciplinarios y la comunicación entre clínicos e investigadores proporcionarán oportunidades para proveer mejores oportunidades de tratamiento para pacientes y familias a lo largo de múltiples diagnósticos comunes o raros.


Abstract Rare diseases and undiagnosed diseases have re cently positioned themselves as clinical entities that provide important opportunities to advance our under standing of gene functions and the impact of them in the individual development. In this review, we present how efforts made over years to understand common diseases, rare diseases and even undiagnosed diseases come together today to cooperatively advances scientific knowledge. These advance in science and new acquired knowledge, make possible to apply the advances ob tained in a group of clinical conditions to others with similar phenotypic characteristics or vice versa. The cooperative work of multidisciplinary teams and the communication between clinicians and researchers have and will provide opportunities for better treatments for patients and families across multiple common and rare diseases.

16.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 39(3)sept. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1533502

RESUMO

Introducción: La enfermedad de Pompe es una enfermedad genética multisistémica y rápidamente progresiva, que causa compromiso muscular (esquelético, cardíaco y liso), severa hipotonía y dificultad en la deglución. Debido a la naturaleza de la enfermedad, la calidad de vida de las personas que la padecen puede verse más afectada con respecto a la población general. Método: Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se diseñó un instrumento tipo encuesta con preguntas de caracterización sociodemográfica y referentes a la enfermedad. Para medir la calidad de vida se aplicó el Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) Questionnaire. Se hizo una comparación entre grupos, con nivel de significancia de 0,05. Resultados: Se obtuvieron encuestas de 27 pacientes de seis países. La edad media fue de 40,52 años, el 59 % fueron mujeres, el 51 % casados, el 63 % activos laboralmente, con edad media de diagnóstico de 30,3 años (SD = 15,557). La dimensión con menor media fue el rol físico (10,2; IC 95 % = 1,5-21,9), mientras que la de mayor media fue la salud mental (65,5; IC 95 % = 56,9-74,0). El 29,7 % (IC 95 % = 11,2-48,0) de los encuestados consideró sentirse en peores condiciones de salud que el año anterior. Discusión: Se evidencia una baja calidad de vida en pacientes con EP, en comparación con la población general, si se tienen en cuenta otros estudios que utilizan el mismo cuestionario. Conclusiones: Se evidencia una baja calidad de vida en los pacientes con enfermedad de Pompe participantes; las dimensiones asociadas con parámetros físicos fueron las de menores puntuaciones.


Introduction: Pompe disease is a rapidly progressive, multisystemic genetic disease that causes muscle involvement (skeletal, cardiac and smooth), severe hypotonia and difficulty in swallowing. Due to the nature of the disease, the quality of life may be more affected compared to the general population. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. A survey-type instrument was designed with questions of sociodemographic characterization and those referring to the disease. To measure Quality of Life, the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) questionnaire was applied. A comparison was made between groups with a significance level of 0,05. Results: 27 surveys of patients from six countries were obtained. The mean age 40.52 years, women 59 %, married 51 %, 63 % active in employment, with a mean age of diagnosis of 30.3 years (SD = 15,557). The dimension with the lowest mean was the Physical Role (10.2; 95 % CI = 1.5 - 21.9), while the one with the highest mean was the Mental Health dimension (65.5; 95 % CI = 56.9 - 74.0). 29.7 % (95 % CI = 11.2 - 48.0) of those surveyed considered they felt in worse health conditions than the previous year. Discussion: Low quality of life is evidenced in patients with PD in comparison to the general population described in other studies using the same questionnaire. Conclusions: A low quality of life is evidenced in the study individuals where the dimensions related to the physical area were lower.


Assuntos
Qualidade de Vida , Doença de Depósito de Glicogênio Tipo II , Doenças Raras
17.
Rev. Finlay ; 13(3)sept. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514835

RESUMO

El síndrome de Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber es una malformación vascular congénita poco frecuente. Está caracterizada por una triada de manifestaciones clínicas que comprende una malformación vascular venular, linfática y venosa, junto con hipertrofia esquelética; aumento de tejidos blandos de uno o más miembros; y la presencia de fistulas arteriovenosas. Se presenta el caso de una niña de 5 años de edad, a quien se le confirmó por hallazgos clínicos e imagenológicos un síndrome de Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber. Esta es una enfermedad rara, poco frecuente, con un patrón de herencia genética no bien definido, que necesita de un manejo multidisciplinario. El tratamiento de elección es el clínico sintomático, enfocado a evitar la discapacidad, mejorar la capacidad funcional, calidad de vida y prevenir complicaciones. Se presenta el caso por lo poco frecuente del padecimiento para mostrar su seguimiento y además con fines docentes.


Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome is a rare congenital vascular malformation. Its characterized by a triad of clinical manifestations that includes venular, lymphatic, and venous vascular malformation, together with skeletal hypertrophy, soft tissue enlargement of one or more limbs, and presence of arteriovenous fistulas. We present the case of a 5-year-old girl who was confirmed by clinical and imaging findings to have Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome. This is a rare, infrequent disease with a not well-defined genetic inheritance pattern that requires multidisciplinary management. The treatment of choice is the symptomatic clinic, focused on avoiding disability, improving functional capacity, quality of life and preventing complications. The case is presented due to the infrequent nature of this condition to show its follow-up and also for teaching purpose

18.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; 57(3): 255-262, set. 2023. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1533345

RESUMO

Resumen Los errores congénitos del metabolismo (ECM) son un grupo de enfermedades poco frecuentes que generan gran morbimortalidad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir el perfil de atención clínico y bioquímico de los ECM no incluidos en la pesquisa neonatal en menores de 15 años atendidos en un hospital pediátrico, entre enero de 2008 y diciembre de 2018. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo en el que se evaluaron los registros hospitalarios: motivo de consulta, diagnóstico, evolución clínica, tiempos y costos diagnósticos de pacientes con sospecha y diagnóstico confirmado de ECM entre 2008 y 2018 en un hospital público pediátrico de Mendoza, Argentina. Se incluyeron 59 pacientes con ECM: enfermedades de depósito lisosomal (32,2%) y alteración metabólica de aminoácidos y acidurias orgánicas (27,1%), entre otros. La edad media fue de 2,6 años y la relación varón/mujer 1,5. La media de tiempo entre la primera consulta por sospecha de ECM y el diagnóstico fue de 11 meses. Hubo correspondencia entre el diagnóstico y el motivo de consulta (p=0,003). El 22% evolucionó al deterioro progresivo, 25,4% permanecieron estables, 28,8% con secuelas y 23,8% fallecieron. El costo directo total de los exámenes bioquímicos fue 61 560 UB=1 809 248 pesos argentinos=46 785 dólares estadounidenses (valor a finales de 2018). En conclusión, este trabajo refleja la variabilidad de los ECM, su evolución clínica, similar a lo publicado y el perfil bioquímico local.


Abstract Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) are a group of rare diseases that cause high morbidity and mortality. The objective of the present study was to describe the clinical-biochemical profile of patients, under 15 years old, with IEM not included in newborn screening, in a pediatric hospital, from January 2008 to December 2018. A descriptive and retrospective study was carried out in which hospital records were evaluated: reason for consultation, diagnosis, clinical evolution, diagnostic times and costs of patients with suspected and confirmed diagnosis of IEM between 2008 and 2018 in a public pediatric hospital from Mendoza, Argentina. A total of 59 patients with IEM were evaluated: lysosomal storage diseases (32.2%) and metabolic alteration of amino acids and organic acidurias (27.1%), among others. The mean age was 2.6 years and the male/female ratio was 1.5. The mean time between the first consultation for suspected IEM and diagnosis was 11 months. There was correspondence between the diagnosis and the reason for consultation (p=0.003). Twenty-two percent evolved to progressive deterioration, 25.4% remained stable, 28.8% with sequelae and 23.8% died. The total direct cost of the biochemical tests was 61 560 UB=1 809 248 Argentine pesos=46 785 US dollars (value at the end of 2018). Concluding, this work reflects the variability of IEM and its clinical evolution, similar to what has been published, and the local biochemical profile.


Resumo Os erros inatos do metabolismo (EIM) são um grupo de doenças pouco frequentes que geram alta morbimortalidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever o perfil clínico e bioquímico de atendimento dos EIM não incluídos na triagem neonatal em menores de 15 anos atendidos em um hospital pediátrico, entre janeiro de 2008 e dezembro de 2018. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo e retrospectivo em que foram avaliados os registros hospitalares: motivo da consulta, diagnóstico, evolução clínica, tempos e custos diagnósticos de pacientes com diagnóstico suspeito e confirmado de EIM entre 2008 e 2018 em um hospital pediátrico público em Mendoza, Argentina. Foram avaliados 59 pacientes com EIM: doenças de depósito lisossômico (32,2%) e alteração metabólica de aminoácidos e acidúrias orgânicas (27,1%), entre outras. A média de idade foi de 2,6 anos e a relação homem/mulher foi de 1,5. O tempo médio entre a primeira consulta por suspeita de EIM e o diagnóstico foi de 11 meses. Houve correspondência entre o diagnóstico e o motivo da consulta (p=0,003). Evoluíram 22% para piora progressiva, 25,4% permaneceram estáveis , 28,8% com sequelas e 23,8% faleceram. O custo direto total dos testes bioquímicos foi de 61 560 UB=1 809 248 pesos argentinos=46 785 U$S (valor no final de 2018). Concluindo, este trabalho reflete a variabilidade da EIM e sua evolução clínica, semelhante ao que vem sendo publicado, e o perfil bioquímico local.

19.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex ; 80(Supl 1): 28-32, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37490682

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Scoliosis is a spinal deformity that usually manifests as a structural curve determining a variable deformity of the trunk. According to some published series, 4 to 26% of scoliosis initially classified as idiopathic show neurological alterations when studied with nuclear magnetic resonance, such as syringomyelia and Chiari malformation, among the most frequent. Chiari malformations are characterized by descending herniation of the cerebellar tonsils, brainstem, and IV ventricle into the spinal canal. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a patient whose first symptomatic manifestation was early-onset scoliosis. The overlapping of some physical examination signs, such as postural lateralization and scoliosis, reinforced the active suspicion of neuroaxis alterations. CONCLUSIONS: Early childhood-onset scoliosis should raise a high degree of suspicion for association with neuro-spinal diseases. Although the frequency of Chiari malformation is low, its early approach could reduce the progression of associated comorbidities. An early detection could change the prognosis of the disease.


INTRODUCCIÓN: La escoliosis es una deformidad de la columna que usualmente se manifiesta como una curva estructural que determina una deformidad variable del tronco. Las malformaciones de Chiari se caracterizan por la herniación descendente de las amígdalas cerebelosas, tronco encefálico y IV ventrículo hacia el canal espinal. Según algunas series publicadas, del 4 al 26% de las escoliosis inicialmente catalogadas como idiopáticas muestran alteraciones neurológicas al ser estudiadas con resonancia magnética nuclear, como la siringomielia y malformación de Chiari, dentro de las más frecuentes. CASO CLÍNICO: Se presenta el caso de un paciente cuya primera manifestación sintomática fue escoliosis de comienzo temprano. El solapamiento de algunos signos del examen físico, como la lateralización de la postura y la escoliosis, reforzaron la sospecha activa de alteraciones del neuroeje. CONCLUSIONES: La escoliosis de inicio temprano en la infancia debe despertar un alto grado de sospecha de asociación con enfermedades neuro-espinales. Dentro de este contexto, aunque malformación Chiari es de baja frecuencia, su abordaje precoz permitiría disminuir la progresión de comorbilidades asociadas. La detección temprana podría cambiar el pronóstico de la enfermedad.


Assuntos
Malformação de Arnold-Chiari , Escoliose , Siringomielia , Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Malformação de Arnold-Chiari/complicações , Malformação de Arnold-Chiari/diagnóstico , Malformação de Arnold-Chiari/cirurgia , Siringomielia/complicações , Siringomielia/diagnóstico , Siringomielia/cirurgia , Escoliose/etiologia , Escoliose/complicações , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Descompressão Cirúrgica
20.
Medisur ; 21(3)jun. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1448678

RESUMO

El síndrome de Jadassohn-Lewandowsky o paquioniquia congénita tipo 1 pertenece al grupo de las enfermedades raras. A nivel mundial se han descrito hasta la fecha menos de mil casos y el que ahora se publica constituye el primer reporte en la edad pediátrica en Cuba. Es un paciente masculino, de siete años de edad ingresado en el Servicio de Clínicas Pediátricas del Hospital Pediátrico Provincial de Holguín con antecedentes de uñas amarillas e hipertróficas desde los nueve meses de edad. Al examen físico se constató la presencia de distrofia ungueal hipertrófica en las 20 uñas, queratosis folicular en codos, manos y miembros inferiores, queratodermia plantar focal y leucoqueratosis oral. Se identificó un patrón de herencia autosómico dominante. Basado en las características fenotípicas y los antecedentes familiares se clasificó el caso presentado como paquioniquia congénita tipo 1, para la cual aún no existe cura y la terapia génica se encuentra en investigación. Por lo poco común de la enfermedad y ser el primer caso en edad pediátrica en Cuba, se decidió su publicación.


Jadassohn-Lewandowsky syndrome or congenital pachyonychia type 1 belongs to the rare diseases' group. Worldwide, less than a thousand cases have been described to date and the one that is now published constitutes the first pediatric age report in Cuba. A seven-years-old male patient admitted to the Pediatric Clinic Service at the Holguín Provincial Pediatric Hospital with a history of yellow and hypertrophic nails since he was nine months old. The physical examination confirmed the presence of hypertrophic nail dystrophy in all 20 nails, keratosis follicularis on the elbows, hands and lower limbs, focal plantar keratoderma and oral leukokeratosis. An autosomal dominant inheritance pattern was identified. Based on the phenotypic characteristics and family history, the case presented was classified as congenital pachyonychia type 1, for which there is still no cure and gene therapy is under investigation. Due to the rareness of the disease and being the first pediatric age case in Cuba, its publication was decided.

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